Tiến bộ trong xúc tác của quá trình reforming methane - giải pháp tiềm năng để sử dụng hiệu quả các nguồn khí thiên nhiên có hàm lượng CO2 cao

  • Lưu Cẩm Lộc
Keywords: Khí tự nhiên giàu CO2, reforming khô, bi-reforming, chất xúc tác

Tóm tắt

Sự gia tăng nhanh chóng của phát thải các khí nhà kính quan trọng như CO2 và CH4 trong thập niên vừa qua đã gây ảnh hưởng nghiêm trọng đến biến đổi khí hậu và môi trường sống trên thế giới nói chung và Việt Nam nói riêng. Thêm vào đó, nhu cầu sử dụng hiệu quả khí tự nhiên giàu CO2 đã thúc đẩy các nghiên cứu nhằm tìm ra các loại xúc tác mới có hoạt tính và độ ổn định cao cho quá trình reforming methane. NiO đã chứng tỏ là chất xúc tác phù hợp nhất cho quá trình reforming trong điều kiện công nghiệp. Nhằm khắc phục những hạn chế của xúc tác trên cơ sở NiO như tạo cốc và thiêu kết ở nhiệt độ phản ứng cao, nhiều nghiên cứu khác nhau từ sử dụng chất mang mới, biến tính xúc tác bằng các phụ gia kim loại kiềm, kiềm thổ và các oxide kim loại đến cải thiện phương pháp tổng hợp xúc tác đã được áp dụng. Kết quả là, các loại xúc tác có hiệu suất cao hơn đã được tạo ra, nhờ đó nhiệt độ phản ứng đã giảm từ 800oC về 700oC, cốc hình thành đã giảm mạnh và thời gian làm việc ổn định của xúc tác lên tới hơn 600 giờ.

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2019-04-29
How to Cite
Lưu Cẩm Lộc. (2019). Tiến bộ trong xúc tác của quá trình reforming methane - giải pháp tiềm năng để sử dụng hiệu quả các nguồn khí thiên nhiên có hàm lượng CO2 cao. Tạp Chí Dầu Khí, 4, 51-61. https://doi.org/10.25073/petrovietnam journal.v4i0.254
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